Finding a breast lump can be frightening. Fortunately, many breast lumps are not cancer. However, every new breast lump should be evaluated promptly.
Common causes
Possible causes of a breast lump include:
- breast cysts;
- fibroadenoma;
- breast infection;
- fat necrosis; and
- breast cancer.
Symptoms to watch for
Seek medical assessment if you notice:
- a new breast lump;
- a change in breast shape;
- skin dimpling;
- nipple discharge;
- a nipple pulled inward; or
- swelling in the armpit.
How is a breast lump investigated?
Doctors usually perform a triple assessment, which includes:
- clinical examination;
- breast imaging, including ultrasound and/or mammography depending on age; and
- needle biopsy if required.
Together, these steps provide the highest diagnostic accuracy.
Is every lump cancer?
No. Most breast lumps in younger women are benign, but only proper assessment can confirm the cause.
Why early diagnosis matters
Breast cancer detected at an early stage has a much better chance of successful treatment. Women should never delay seeking medical advice after discovering a new lump.
Do not panic if you find a breast lump, but do not ignore it. Early evaluation provides reassurance for benign conditions and allows timely treatment if cancer is detected.