Pain in the lower right side of the abdomen is one of the most common reasons people visit an emergency department. Some causes are minor, while others require urgent surgical care.
What is the right iliac fossa?
The right iliac fossa is the lower right portion of the abdomen. The appendix is located in this area.
Common causes
Possible causes of right iliac fossa pain include:
- acute appendicitis;
- kidney stones;
- urinary infection;
- ovarian cysts in women;
- ectopic pregnancy;
- Crohn’s disease;
- enlarged lymph nodes; and
- intestinal infections.
This list cannot identify the cause in an individual patient. Examination and appropriate investigations are needed.
Symptoms that need medical attention
Pain becoming worse over several hours, fever, vomiting, loss of appetite, or difficulty walking because of pain should be medically assessed.
How is it diagnosed?
A doctor may recommend:
- physical examination;
- blood tests;
- urine examination;
- ultrasound; and
- a CT scan when required.
The appropriate tests depend on the patient’s symptoms, examination and circumstances.
Why early diagnosis matters
Delaying treatment for appendicitis may lead to rupture of the appendix, abscess formation and widespread infection inside the abdomen.
Persistent pain in the lower right abdomen should never be ignored. Early consultation with a surgeon can help identify the cause and prevent serious complications.